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DISCOURSE II
THE BIRTH OF MARY
September 8.
Mary
was born a saint, and a great saint; for the grace with which God enriched
her from the beginning was great, and the fidelity with which she
immediately corresponded to it was great.
Men usually celebrate the birth of their children with great feasts and
rejoicings; but they should rather pity them, and show signs of mourning
and grief on reflecting that they are born, not only deprived of grace and
reason, but worse than this—they are infected with sin and are children of
wrath, and therefore condemned to misery and death. It is indeed right,
however, to celebrate with festivity and universal joy the birth of our
infant Mary; for she first saw the light of this world a babe, it is true,
in point of age, but great in merit and virtue. Mary was born a saint,
and a great saint. But to form an idea of the greatness of her sanctity,
even at this early period, we must consider, first, the greatness of the
first grace with which God enriched her; and secondly, the greatness of
her fidelity in immediately corresponding to it.
I.
To begin with the first point, it is certain that Mary's soul was the most
beautiful that God had ever created: nay more, after the work of the
Incarnation of the Eternal Word, this was the greatest and most worthy of
himself that an omnipotent God ever did in the world. St. Peter Damian
calls it "a work only surpassed by God" ("Videbis
solum Opificem opus istud supergredi"—In Nat. B. V. s. 1).
Hence it follows that divine grace did not come into Mary by drops as in
other saints, but like rain on the fleece
("Sicut pluvial in vellus"—Ps. lxxi.
6), as it was foretold by David. The soul of Mary was like fleece,
and imbibed the whole shower of grace, without losing a drop. St. Basil
of Seleucia says, "that the holy Virgin was full of grace, because she was
elected and pre-elected by God, and the Holy Spirit was about to take full
possession of her" ("Virgo Sancta totam
sibi hauserat Spiritus gratiam"—Cat. aur. In Luc. i. 47).
Hence she said, by the lips of Ecclesiasticus, My abode is in the full
assembly of saints ("In plenitudine
Sanctorum detention mea"—Ecclus. xxiv. 16); that is, as St.
Bonaventure explains it, "I hold in plenitude all that other saints have
held in part" ("Totum teneo in plenitudine,
quod alii Sancti tenent in parte"—De B. V. s. 3). And St.
Vincent Ferrer, speaking particularly of the sanctity of Mary before her
birth, says "that the Blessed Virgin was sanctified" (surpassed in
sanctity) "in her mother's womb above all saints and angels"
("Virgi fuit sanctificata super omnes
Sanctos et Angelos"—De Nat. B. M. s. 1).
The grace that the Blessed Virgin received exceeded not only
that of each particular saint, but of all the angels and saints put
together, as the most learned Father Francis Pepe, of the Society of
Jesus, proves in his beautiful work on the greatness of Jesus and Mary.
And he asserts that this opinion, so glorious for our Queen, is now
generally admitted, and considered as beyond doubt by modern theologians
(such as Carthagena, Suarez, Spinelli, Recupito, and Guerra, who have
professedly examined the question, and this was never done by the more
ancient theologians). And besides this, he relates that the divine Mother
sent Father Martin Guttierez to thank Father Suarez, on her part, for
having so courageously defended this most probable opinion, and which,
according to Father Segneri, in his "client of Mary," was afterwards
believed and defended by the University of Salamanca.
But if this opinion is general and certain, the other is also
very probable; namely, that Mary received this grace, exceeding that of
all men and angels together, in the first instance of her Immaculate
Conception. Father Suarez (De Inc.
p. 2, d. 4, s. 1) strongly maintains this opinion, as do also
Father Spinelli (M. Deip. c. 4),
Father Recupito (Sign. Praed 3),
and Father La Colombière (Imm. Conc.
s. 1). But besides the authority of theologians, there are two
great and convincing arguments, which sufficiently prove the correctness
of the above-mentioned opinion.
I. The first is, that Mary was chosen by God to be the Mother
of the divine Word. Hence Denis the Carthusian says
(De Laud V. l. 1i. 3, passim),
that as she was chosen to an order superior to the of all other creatures
(for in a certain sense the dignity of Mother of God, as Father Suarez
asserts (De Inc. p. 2, d. 1, s. 2),
belongs to the order of hypostatic union), it is reasonable to suppose
that from the very beginning of her life gifts of a superior order were
conferred upon her, and such gifts as must have incomparably surpassed
those granted to all other creatures. And indeed it cannot be doubted
that when the Person of the Eternal Word was, in the divine decrees,
predestined to make himself man, a Mother was also destined for him, from
whom he was to take this human nature; and this Mother was our infant
Mary. Now St. Thomas teaches that "God gives every one grace proportioned
to the dignity for which he destined him"
("Unicuique a Deo datur gratia secundum hoc ad quod eligitur"—P. 3, q. 27,
a. 5). And St. Paul teaches us the same thing when he says, Who
also hath made us fit ministers of the New Testament
("Qui et idoneos nos fecit ministros Novi
testamenti"—2 Cor. iii. 6); that is, the apostles received
gifts from God, proportioned to the greatness of the office with which
they were charged. St. Bernardine of Sienna adds, "that it is an axiom in
theology, that when a person is chosen by God for any state, he receives
not only the dispositions necessary for it, but even the gifts which he
needs to sustain that state with decorum
("Regula firma est in sacra theologia, quod, quandocunque Deus aliquem
eligit ad aliquem statum, omnia dona illi dispensat, quae illi statui
necessaria sunt et illum copiose decorant"—Pro Fest. V. M. s. 10,
a. 2, c. 1). But as Mary was chosen to be the Mother of God, it
was quite becoming that God should adorn her, in the first moment of her
existence, with an immense grace, and one of a superior order to that of
all other men and angels, since it had to correspond to the immense and
most high dignity to which God exalted her. And all theologians come to
this conclusions with St. Thomas, who says, "the Blessed Virgin was chosen
to be the Mother of God; and therefore it is not to be doubted that God
fitted her for it by his grace" ("Virgo fuit electa Mater Dei; et ideo non
est dubitandum quin Deus, per suam gratiam, eam ad hoc idoneam reddidit");
so much so that Mary, before becoming Mother of God, was adorned with a
sanctity so perfect that it rendered her fit for this great dignity. The
holy Doctor says, "that in the Blessed Virgin there was a preparatory
perfection, which rendered her fit to be the Mother of Christ, and this
the perfection of sanctification" ("In
Beata Virgine fuit perfectio quasi dispositiva, per quam reddebatur idonea
ad hoc, quod esset Mater Christi, et haec fuit perfectio sanctificationis"—P.
3. q. 27, a. 4. 5).
And before making this last remark the holy Doctor had said
that Mary was called full of grace, not on the part of grace itself, for
she had it not in the highest possible degree, since even the habitual
grace of Jesus Christ (according to the same holy Doctor) was not such,
that the absolute power of God could not have made it greater, although it
was a grace sufficient for the end for which his humanity was ordained by
the divine Wisdom, that is, for its union with the Person of the Eternal
Word. Although the divine power could make something greater and better
than the habitual grace of Christ, it could, not fit it for anything
greater than the personal union with the only-begotten Son of the Father,
and to which union that measure of grace sufficiently corresponds,
according to the limit placed by divine Wisdom
("Virtus divina, licet posit facere
aliquid majus et melius quam sit habitualis gratia Christi, non tamen
posset facere quod ordinaretur ad aliquid majus quam sit union personalis
ad Filium unigenitum a Patre, cui unioni sufficienter correspondet talis
mensura gratiae, secundum definitionem Divinae Sapientiae"—P. 3, q. 7. a.
12). For the same angelic Doctor teaches that the divine power is
so great, that, however much it gives, it can always give more; and
although the natural capacity of creatures is in itself limited as to
receiving, so that it can be entirely filled, nevertheless its power to
obey the divine will is unlimited, and God can always fill it more by
increasing its capacity to receive. "As far as its natural capacity goes,
it can be filled; but it cannot be filled as far as its power of obeing
goes" ("Potentia naturalis ad recipiendum
potest tota impleri, potential obedientiae non potest impleri"—De Ver.
q. 20, a. 3, ad 3). But now to return to our proposition, St.
Thomas says, that the Blessed Virgin was not filled with grace, as to
grace itself, nevertheless she is called full of grace as to herself, for
she had an immense grace, one which was sufficient, and corresponded to
her immense dignity, so much so that it fitted her to be the Mother of
God: "The Blessed Virgin is full of grace, not with the fullness of grace
itself, for she had not grace in the highest degree of excellence in which
it can be had, nor had she it as to all its effects; but she was said to
be full of grace as to herself, because she had sufficient grace for that
state to which she was chosen by God, that is, to be the Mother of his
only-begotten Son" ("Beata Virgo est plena
gratia, non ex parte ipsius gratiae, quia non habuit gratiam in summa
excellentia qua potest haberi, nec ad omnes effectus gratiae; sed dicitur
fuisse plena gratia percomparationem ad ipsam, quia scilicet habebat
gratiam sufficientem ad statum illum ad quem erat electa a Deo, ut esset
Mater Unigeniti ejus"—P. 3, q. 7, a. 10). Hence Benedict Fernandez
says, "that the measure whereby we may know the greatness of the grace
communicated to Mary is her dignity of Mother of God"
("Est igitur dignitas Matris Dei regula,
per quam metiendum est quidquid Virgini ab eo collatum credimus").
It was not without reason, then, that David said that the
foundationcs of this city of God, that is, Mary, are planted above the
summits of the mountains: The foundations thereof are in the holy
mountains ("Fundamenta ejus in
montibus sanctis"—Ps. lxxxvi. 1). Whereby we are to
understand that Mary, in the very beginning of her life, was to be more
perfect than the united perfections of the entire lives of the saints
could have made her. And the Prophet continues: The Lord loveth the
gates of Sion above all the tabernacles of Jacob
("Diligit Dominus portas Sion super omnia
tabernacula Jacob"). And the same king David tells us why God thus
loved her; it was because he was to become man in her virginal womb: A
man is born in her ("Homo natus est in
ea"). Hence it was becoming that God should give this Blessed
Virgin, in the very moment that he created her, a grace corresponding to
the dignity of Mother of God.
Isaias signified the same thing, when he said that, in a time
to come, a mountain of the house of the Lord (which was the Blessed
Virgin) was to be prepared on the top of all other mountains; and that, in
consequence, all nations would run to this mountain to receive the divine
mercies. And in the last days the mountain of the house of the Lord
shall be prepared on the top of mountains, and it shall be exalted above
the hills, and all nations shall flow unto it
(Et erit in novissimis diebus praeparatus
mons Domus Domini in vertice montium, et elevabitur super colles; et
fluent ad eum omnes gentes"—Is. ii. 2). St. Gregoy,
explaining this passage, says, "It is a mountain on the top of mountains;
for the perfection of Mary is resplendent above that of all the saints"
("Mons quipped in vertice montium fuit,
quia altitude Mariae supra omnes Sanctos refulsit"—In. 1, Reg.
I). And St. John Damascene, that it is "a mountain in which God
was well pleased to dwell" ("Mons in quo
beneplacitum est Deo habitare in eo"—Ps. lxvii. 17).
Therefore Mary was called a cypress, but a cypress of Mount Sion: she was
called a cedar, but a cedar of Libanus: an olive-tree, but a fair
olive-tree (Ecclus. xxiv. 17, 19);
beautiful, but beautiful as the sun (Cant.
vi. 9); for as St. Peter Damian said, "As the light of the sun so
greatly surpasses that of the stars, that in it they are no longer
visible; it so overwhelms them, that they are as if they were not"
("Siderum rapit positionem, ut sint quasi
non sint"); "so does the great Virgin Mother surpass in sancity the
whole court of heaven" ("Sic Virgo merita
singulorum et omnium titulos antecedit"—In Assumpt.). So
much so that St. Bernard beautifully remarks, that the sanctity of Mary
was so sublime, that "no other Mother than Mary became a God, and no other
Son than God became Mary" ("Neque enim
filius alius Virginem nec Deum decuit partus alter"—In Assumpt. s.
4).
II. The second argument by which it is proved that Mary was
more holy in the first moment of her existence than all the saints
together, is founded on the great office of mediatress of men, with which
she was charged from the beginning; and which made it necessary that she
should possess a greater treasure of grace from the beginning than all
other men together. It is well known with what unanimity theologians and
holy Fathers give Mary this title of mediatress, on account of her having
obtained salvation for all, by her powerful intercession and her merit "of
congruity," thereby procuring the great nefit of redemption for the lost
world. I say by her merit of congruity, for Jesus Christ alone is our
mediator by way of justice and by merit, "de condigno," as the scholastics
say, he having offered his merits to the Eternal Father, who accepted them
for our salvation. Mary, on the other hand, is a mediatress of grace, by
way of simple intercession and merit of congruity, she having offered to
God, as theologians say, with St. Bonaventure, her merits, for the
salvation of all men; and God, as a favor, accepted them with the merits
of Jesus Christ. On this account Arnold of Chartres says that "she
effected our salvation in common with Christ"
("Cum Christo communem in salute mundi
effectum obtinuit"—De Laud. B. M.). And Richard of St.
Victor says that "Mary desired, sought, and obtained the salvatin of all;
nay, even she effected the salvation of all"
("Omnium salutem desideravit, quaesivit,
et obtinuit; imo salus omnium per ipsam facta est"—In Cant. c. 26).
So that everything good, and every gift in the order of grace, which each
of the saints received from God, Mary obtained for them.
And the holy Church wishes us to understand this, when she
honors the divine Mother by applying the following verses of
Ecclesiasticus to her: In me is all grace of the way and the truth
("In me gratia omnis viae et veritatis"—Ecclus.
xxiv. 24). "Of the way," because by Mary all graces are dispensed
to wayfarers. "Of the truth," because the light of truth is imparted by
her. In me is all hope of life and of virtue
("In me omnis spes vitae et virtutis"—Ib.).
"Of life," for by Mary we hope to obtain the life of grace in this world,
and that of glory in heaven. "And of virtue," for through her we acquire
virtues, and especially the theological virtues, which are the principal
virtues of the saints. I am the mother of fair love, and of fear, and
of knowledge, and of holy hope ("Ego
mater pulchrae dilectionis, et timoris, et agnitionis, et sanctae spei"—Ib.).
Mary, by her intercession, obtains for her servants the gifts of divine
love, holy fear, heavenly light, and holy perseverance. From which St.
Bernard concludes that it is a doctrine of the Church that Mary is the
universal mediatress of our salvation. He says: "Magnify the finder of
grace, the mediatress of salvation, the restorer of ages. This I am
taught by the Church proclaiming it; and thus also she teaches me to
proclaim the same thing to others" ("Magnifica
gratiae Inventricem, Mediatricem salutis, Restauratricem saeculorum. Haec
mihi de illa cantat ecclesia, et me eadem docuit decantare"—Epist.
174).
St. Sophronius, Patriarch of Jerusalem, asserts that the
reason for which the Archangel Gabriel called her full of grace, Hail,
full of grace! was because only limited grace was given to others, but
it was given to Mary in all its plenitutde: "Truly was she full; for
grace is given to other saints partially, but the whole plenitutde of
grace poured itself into Mary" ("Bene 'Plena,'
quia caeteris per partes praestatur, Mariae vero se tota infudit plenitude
gratiae"—De Assumpt.). St. Basil of Seleucia declares that
she received this plenitude that she might thus be a worthy mediatress
between men and God: "Hail full of grace, mediatress between God and men,
and by whom heaven and earth are brought together and united"
("'Ave, gratiae Plena!' propterea Deum
inter et hominess Mediatrix intercedens"—In Annunt.).
"Otherwise," says St. Laurence Justinian, "had not the Blessed Virgin been
full of divine grace, how could she have become the ladder to heaven, the
advocate of the world, and the most true mediatress between men and God"
("Quomodo non est Maria plena gratia, quae
effecta est paradise Scala, Interventrix mundi, Dei et hominum verissima
Mediatrix?"—De Annunt.).
The second argument has now become clear and evident. If
Mary, as the already destined Mother of our common Redeemer, received from
the very beginning the office of mediatress of all men, and consequently
even of the saints, it was also requisite from the very beginning she
should have a grace exceeding that of all the saints for whom she was to
intercede. I will explain myself more clearly. If, by the means of Mary,
all men were to render themselves dear to God, necessarily Mary was more
holy and more dear to him than all men together. Otherwise, how could she
have interceded for all others? That an intercessor may obtain the favor
of a prince for all his vassals, it is absolutely necessary that he should
be more dear to his prince than all the other vassals. And therefore St.
Anselm concludes that Mary deserved to be made the worthy repairer of the
lost world, because she was the most holy and the most pure of all
creatures. "The pure sanctity of her heart, surpassing the purity and
sanctity of all other creatures, merited for her that she should be made
the repairer of the lost world" ("Pura
sanctitas pectoris ejus, omnis creaturae puritatem sive sanctitatem
transcendens, promeruit, ut Reparatrix perditi orbis dignissime fieret"—De
Excell. V. c. 9).
Mary, then, was the mediatress of men; it may be asked, but
how can she be called also the mediatress of angels? Many theologians
maintain that Jesus Christ merited the grace of perseverance fot the
angels also; so that as Jesus was their mediator de condigno, so
also Mary may be said to be the mediatress even of the angels de
congruo, she having hastened the coming of the Redeemer by her
prayers. At least meriting de congruo to become the Mother of the
Messiah, she merited for the angels that the thrones lost by the devils
should be filled up. Thus she at least merited this accidental glory for
them; and therefore Richard of St. Victor says, "By her every creature is
repaired; by her the ruin of the angels is remedied; and by her human
nature is reconciled" ("Utraque creatura
per hanc reparatur; et Angelorum ruina per hanc resaurata est, et humana
natura reconciliata"—In Cant. c. 23). And before him St.
Anselm said, "All things are recalled and reinstated in their primitive
state by this Blessed Virgin" ("Cuncta per
hanc Virginem in statum pristinum revocata sunt et restitute"—De Excell.
V. c. 11).
Let us conclude that our heavenly child, because she was
appointed mediatress of the world, as also because she was destined to be
the Mother of the Redeemer, received, at the very beginning of her
existence, grace exceeding in greatness that of all the saints together.
Hence, how delightful a sight must the beautiful soul of this happy child
have been to heaven and earth, although still enclosed in her mother's
womb! She was the most amiable creature in the eyes of God, because she
was already loaded with grace and merit, and could say, "When I was a
little one I pleased the Most High" ("Cum
essem parvula, placui Altissimo"—Offic. B. V. resp. 2). And
she was at the same time the creature above all others that had ever
appeared in the world up to that moment, who loved God the most; so much
so, that had Mary been born immediately after her most pure conception,
she would have come into the world richer in merits, and more holy, than
all the saints united. Then let us only reflect how much greater her
sanctity must have been at her nativity; coming into the world after
acquiring all the merits that she did acquire during the whole of the nine
months that she remained in the womb of her mother.
II.
Now let us pass to the consideration of the second point, that is to say,
the greatness of the fidelity with which Mary immediately corresponded to
divine grace.
It is not a private opinion only, says a learned author,
Father La Colombière (Imm. Conc. s.
2), but it is the opinion of all, that the holy child, when she
received sanctifying grace in the womb of St. Anne, received also the
perfect use of her reason, and was also divinely enlightened, in a degree
corresponding to the grace with which she was enriched. So that we may
well believe, that from the first moment that her beautiful soul was
united to her most pure body, she, by the light she had received from the
wisdom of God, knew well the eternal truths, the beauty of virtue, and
above all, the infinite goodness of God; and how much he deserved to be
loved by all, and particularly by herself, on account of the singular
gifts with which he had adorned and distinguished her above all creatures,
by preserving her from the stain of original sin, by bestowing on her so
immense grace, and destining her to be the Mother of the Eternal Word, and
Queen of the universie* (*The Blessed
Virgin had, however, no explicit knowledge of her sublime destiny, as may
be seen in the two following discourses—ED.)
Hence from that first moment Mary, grateful to God, began to
do all that she could do, by immediately and faithfully trafficking with
that great capital of grace which had been bestowed upon her; and applying
herself entirely to please and love the divine goodness, from that moment
she loved him with all her strength, and continued thus to love him
always, during the whole of the nine months preceding her birth, during
which she never ceased for a moment to unite herself more and more closely
with God by fervent acts of love. She was already free from original sin,
and hence was exempt from every earthly affection, from every irregular
movement, from every distraction, from every opposition on the part of the
senses, which could in any way have hindered her from always advancing
more and more in divine love: her senses also concurred with her blessed
spirit in tending towards God. Hence her beautiful soul, free from every
impediment, never lingered, but always flew towards God, always loved him,
and always increased in love towards him.
It was for this reason that she called herself a plane-tree,
planted by flowing waters: As a plan-tree by the waters . . . was I
exalted (Quasi platanus exaltata sum
juxta aquam in plateis"—Ecclus. xxiv. 19). For she was that
noble plant of God which always grew by the streams of divine grace. And
therefore she also calls herself a vine: As a vine I have brought
forth a pleasant odor ("Ego quasi
vitis"—Ib. 23). Not only because she was so humble in the
eyes of the world, but because she was like the vine, which, according to
the common proverb, "never ceases to grow"
("Vitis nullo fine crescit"). Other trees—the orange-tree, the
mulberry, the pear-tree—have a determined height, which they attain; but
the vine always grows, and grows to the height of the tree to which it is
attached. And thus did the most Blessed Virgin always grow in
perfection. "Hail, then, O vine, always growing!"
("Ave vitis simper vigens!"—In Ann. hom.
1) says St. Gregory Thaumaturgus; for she was always united to
God, on whom alone she depended. Hence it was of her that the Holy Ghost
spoke, saying, Who is this that cometh up from the desert, flowing with
delights, leaning upon her beloved? ("Quae
est ista, quae ascendit de deserto, deliciis affluens, innixa super
Dilectum suum?"—Cant. viii. 5) which St. Ambrose thus
paraphrases: "She it is that cometh up, clinging to the Eternal Word, as a
vine to a vine-stock" ("Haec est quae
ascendit, ita ut inhaereat Dei Verbo sicut vitis propago"—De Isaac et
an. c. 5). Who is this accompanied by the divine Word, that
grows as a vine planted against a great tree?
Many learned theologians say that a soul that possesses a
habit of virtue, as long as it corresponds faithfully to the actual grace
which it receives from God, always produces an act equal in intensity to
the habit it possesses; so much so that it acquires each time a new and
double merit, equal to the sum of all the merits previously acquired.
This kind of augmentation was, it is said, granted to the angels in the
time of their probation; and if it was granted to the angels, who can ever
deny that it was granted to the divine Mother when living in this world,
and especially during the time of which I speak, that she was in the womb
of her mother, in which she was certainly more faithful than the angels in
corresponding to divine grace? Mary, then, during the whole of that time,
in each moment,, doubled that sublime grace which she possessed from the
first instant; for, corresponding to her whole strength, and in the most
perfect manner in her every act, she subsequently doubled her merits in
every instance. So that supposing she had a thousand degrees of grace in
the first instance, in the second she had two thousand, in the third four
thousand, in the fourth eight thousand, in the fifth sixteen thousand, in
the sixth thir-two thousand. And we are as yet only at the sixth
instance; but multiplied thus for an entire day, multiplied for nine
months, consider what treasures of grace, merit, and sanctity Mary had
already acquired at the moment of her birth?
Let us, then, rejoice with our beloved infant, who was born so
holy, so dear to God, and so full of grace. And let us rejoice, not only
on her account, but also on our own; for she came into the world full of
grace, not only for her own glory, but also for our good. St. Thomas
remarks, in his eighth treatise, that the most Blessed Virgin was full of
grac ein three ways: first, she was filled with grace as to her soul, so
that from the beginning her beautiful soul belonged all to God. Secondly,
she was filled with grace as to her body, so that she merited to clothe
the Eternal Word with her most pure flesh. Thirdly, she was filled with
grace for the benefit of all, so that all men might partake of it: "She
was also full of grace as to its overflowing for the benefit of all men"
("Fuit etiam gratia plean, quantum ad
refusionem in omnes hominess"). The angelical Doctor adds, that
some saints have so much grace that it is not only sufficient for
themselves, but also for the salvation of many, though not for all men:
only to Jesus Christ and to Mary was such a grace given as sufficed to
save all: "should any one have as much as would suffice for the salvation
of all, this would be the greatest: and this was in Christ and in the
Blessed Virgin" ("Sed quando haberet
tantum quod sufficeret ad salutem omnium, hoc esset maximum; et hoc est in
Christo et in Beata Virgine"—Exp. In Sal. Ang.). Thus far
St. Thomas. So that what St. John says of Jesus, And of His fullness we
all have received ("Et de plenitudine ejus
nos omnes accepimus"—John, i. 16), the saints say of Mary.
St. Thomas of Villanova calls her "full of grace, of whose plenitude all
receive" ("'Gratia plena,' de cujus
plenitudine accipiunt universi"—De Ann. conc. 3); so much so
that St. Anselm says, "that there is no one who does not partake of the
grace of Mary" ("Ita ut nullus sit, qui de
plenitudine gratiae Virginis non sit particepts"). And who is
there in the world to whom Mary is not benign, and does not dispense some
mercy? "Who was ever found to whom the Blessed Virgin was not
propitious? Who is there whom her mercy does not reach?"
("Quis unquam reperitur, cui Virgo
propitia non sit? Ad quem ejus misericordiae non se extendunt?"—Paciucchelli,
In Salut. Ang. exc. 15)
From Jesus, however, it is (we must understand) that we
receive grace as the author of grace, from Mary as a mediatress; from
Jesus as a Savior, from Mary as an advocate; from Jesus as a source, from
Mary as a channel. Hence St. Bernard says, that God established Mary as
the channel of the mercies that he wished to dispense to men; therefore he
filled her with grace, that each one's part might be communicated to him
from her fullness: "A full aqueduct, that others may receive of her
fullness, but not fullness itself" ("Plenus
Aquaeductus, ut accipiant caeteri de plenitudine, sed non plenitudinem
ipsam"). Therefore the saint exhorts all to consider, with how
much love God wills that we should honor this great Virgin, since he has
deposited the whole treasure of his graces in her: so that whatever we
possess of hope, grace, and salvation, we may thank our most loving Queen
for all, since all comes to us from her hands and by her powerful
intercession. He thus beautifully expresses himself: "Behold with what
tender feelings of devotion he wills that we should honor her! He who has
placed the plenitude of all good in Mary; that thus, if we have any hope,
or anything salutary in us, we may know that it was from her that it
overflowed" ("Intueamini, quanto
devotionis affectu a nobis eam voluerit honorari, qui totius boni
plenitudinem posuit in Maria; ut proinde, si quid spei in nobis est, si
quid salutis, ab ea noverimus redundare"—De Aquaed.).
Miserable is that soul that closes this channel of grace
against itself, by neglecting to recommend itself to Mary! When
Holofernes wished to gain possession of the city of Bethulia, he took care
to destroy the aqueducts: He commanded their aqueduct to be cut off
("Incidi praecepit aquaeductum illorum"—Judith,
vii. 6). And this the devil does when he wishes to become master
of a soul; he causes it to give up devotion to the most Blessed Virgin
Mary; and when once this channel is closed, it easily loses supernatural
light, the fear of God, and finally eternal salvation. Read the following
example, in which may be seen how great is the compassion of the heart of
Mary, and the destruction that he brings on himself who closes this
channel against himself, by giving up devotion to the Queen of heaven.
EXAMPLE
There were two young noblemen in Madrid, of whom
the one encouraged the other in leading a wicked life, and in committing
all sorts of crimes. One of them one night in a dream saw his friend
taken by certain black men, and carried to a tempestuous sea. They were
going to take him in a similar manner, but he had recourse to Mary, and
made a vow that he would embrace the state; on which he was delivered from
those blacks. He then saw Jesus on a throne, as if in anger, and the
Blessed Virgin imploring mercy for him. After this his friend came to pay
him a visit, and he then related what he had seen; but his companion only
turned it into ridicule, and he was shortly afterwards stabbed and died.
When the young man saw this his vision was verified, he went to
confession, and renewed his resolution to enter a religious Order, and for
this purpose he sold all that he had; but instead of giving it to the
poor, as he had intended, he spent it in all sorts of debauchery. He then
fell ill, and had another vision. He thought he saw hell open, and the
divine Judge, who had already condemned him. Again he had recourse to
Mary, and she once more delivered him. He recovered his health and went
on worse than ever. He afterwards went to Lima in South America, where he
relapsed into his former illness; and in the hospital of that place he was
once more touched by the grace of God, confessed his sins to the Jesuit
Father, Francis Perlino, and promised him that he would change his life;
but again he fell into his former crimes. At last the same Father, going
into another hospital in a distant place, saw the miserable wretch
extended on the ground, and heard him cry out: "Ah, abandoned wretch that
I am! for my greater torment this Father is come to witness my
chastisement. From Lima I came hither, where my vices have brought me to
this end; and now I go to hell." With these words he expired, without
even leaving the Father time to help him.
Bovio, Es. E. Mir. p.
3, es. 9.
Prayer
O holy and heavenly Infant, Thou who art the
destined Mother of my Redeemer and the great mediatress of miserable
sinners, pity me. Behold at thy feet another ungrateful sinner who has
recourse to thee and asks thy compassion. It is true, that for my
ingratitude to God and to thee I deserve that God and thou should abandon
me; but I have heard, and believe it to be so (knowing the greatness of
thy mercy), that thou dost not refuse to help any one who recommends
himself to thee with confidence. O most exalted creature in the world!
since this is the case, and since there is no one but God above thee, so
that compared with thee the greatest saints of heaven are little; O saint
of saints, O Mary! abyss of charity, and full of grace, succor a miserable
creature who by his own fault has lost the divine favor. I know that thou
art so dear to God that he denies thee nothing. I know also that thy
pleasure is to use thy greatness for the relief of miserable sinners. Ah,
then, show how great is the favor that thou enjoyest with God, by
obtaining me a divine light and flame so powerful that I may be changed
from a sinner into a saint; and detaching myself from every earthly
affection, divine love may be enkindled in me. Do this, O Lady, for thou
canst do it. Do it for the love of God, who has made thee so great, so
powerful, and so compassionate. This is my hope. Amen.
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